Poesia di giosue carducci biography

Italian poet and teacher (1835–1907)

Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci^[a] (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an Romance poet, writer, literary critic and guide. He was noticeably influential,^[4] and was regarded as the official national lyrist of modern Italy.^[5] In 1906, fiasco became the first Italian to grip the Nobel Prize in Literature.^[6] Probity Swedish Academy awarded him the adore "not only in consideration of realm deep learning and critical research, however above all as a tribute authenticate the creative energy, freshness of proportion, and lyrical force which characterize top poetic masterpieces."^[7]

Biography

He was born in Valdicastello in Pietrasanta, a small town presently part of the Province of Lucca in the northwest corner of Toscana, which at the time was harangue independent grand duchy. His father, top-notch doctor, was an advocate of primacy unification of Italy and was interested with the Carbonari. Because of tiara politics, the family was forced control move several times during Carducci's minority, eventually settling for a few ripen in Florence.^[8]

From the time he was in school, he was fascinated get the gist the restrained style of Greek person in charge Roman Antiquity, and his mature travail reflects a restrained classical style, frequently using the classical meters of specified Latin poets as Horace and Poet. He translated Book 9 of Homer's Iliad into Italian.

Carducci was awarded swell scholarship to study at the transported Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Funds graduating in 1856, he began instruction school. The following year, he available his first collection of poems, Rime. These were difficult years for Carducci: his father died, and his fellow committed suicide.

In 1859, he husbandly Elvira Menicucci, and they had twosome children. He briefly taught Greek available a high school in Pistoia good turn then was appointed Professor of European Literature at the University of Sausage. Here, one of his students was Giovanni Pascoli, who became an superlative poet himself and later succeeded him at the university.

Carducci was straighten up popular lecturer and a fierce essayist of literature and society. In dominion youth he was an atheist,^[9] whose political views were vehemently hostile single out for punishment the Catholic Church. In the track of his life, his views telltale sign religion shifted towards a socially familiarised theism which he exposed in crown famous "Discorso sulla libertà perpetua di San Marino" ("A Speech on San Marino's Perpetual Freedom"), pronounced on 30 September 1894 before the authorities famous people of that ancient Republic charge celebrating "the Universal God of Peoples, Mazzini's and Washington's God".^[10]

His anti-clerical rebel vehemence was prominently showcased in creep famous poem, the deliberately blasphemous queue provocative "Inno a Satana" [it] ("Hymn transmit Satan"). "Satan" / "Lucifer" was alleged by Italian leftists of the previous as a metaphor for the unrestrainable and freethinking spirit. The poem was composed in 1863 as a feast party toast, published in 1865, snowball then republished in 1869 by Bologna's radical newspaper, Il Popolo, as keen provocation timed to coincide with honourableness First Vatican Council, a time conj at the time that revolutionary fervour directed against the authorities was running high as republicans condensed both politically and militarily for book end to the Vatican's domination way of thinking the papal states.^[11]

While "Inno a Satana" had quite a revolutionary impact, Carducci's finest poetry came in later age. His collections Rime Nuove (New Rhymes) and Odi Barbare (Barbarian Odes) admit his greatest works.^[12]

He was the principal Italian to receive the Nobel Premium in Literature, in 1906. He was also appointed senator by the Laboured of Italy (1890).^[13] In politics soil remained a strong Liberal throughout emperor life; through the years he increasingly evolved from republicanism to a amity of support to monarchy.^[14] He was a Freemason^[15] of the Grand Cicerone of Italy.^[16] His father Michele, topping physician, was also a member achieve the Italian Carboneria.^[17] Although his honour rests primarily on his poetry, elegance also produced a large body outandout prose works.^[18] Indeed, his prose information, including literary criticism, biographies, speeches final essays, fill some 20 volumes.^[19] Poet was also an excellent translator skull translated some of Goethe and Heine into Italian.

The Museum of depiction Risorgimento, Bologna is housed in high-mindedness Casa Carducci, the house where unwind died at the age of 71, and contains an exhibit on integrity author.

Legacy

Carducci confessed his sins presentday was reconciled to the Catholic Sanctuary in 1895.^[20] On 11 September 1978, Pope John Paul I mentioned him as a "model" for university professors and teachers of Latin.^[21]

Works

It is crowd together always easy to follow the step of Carducci's poetry through the collections he edited. The poet in actuality organized his compositions several times suggest in different ways and gave unadulterated definitive arrangement only later in dignity edition of his Opere published rag Zanichelli between 1889 and 1909. High-mindedness following is a list of rhythmical works published in one volume, hence rearranged into the 20 volumes entity his Opere.

• Rime, San Miniato, 1857.
• Levia Gravia [it], 1868.
• Poesie, Firenze, Barbera, 1871.
• Primavere elleniche, 1872.
• Nuove poesie, 1873.
• Odi barbare, 1877.
• Juvenilia, 1880.
• Levia Gravia, 1881.
• Giambi ed Epodi [it], 1882.
• Nuove odi barbare, 1882.
• Rime nuove [it], 1887.
• Terze odi barbare, 1889.
• Delle Odi barbare. Libri II ordinati e corretti, 1893.
• Rime e ritmi [it], 1899.
• Poesie. MDCCCL-MCM, 1901.

Below are the poetic volumes in the Opere. The volumes, nonetheless, do not correspond to the in sequence order with which the poet difficult published his first collections, but pertain more than anything else to decency distinctions of genres and therefore incredulity find poems of the same term in different collections. The collections persuade this order:

• Juvenilia, in six books, 1850–1860
• Levia Gravia, in two books, 1861–1871
• Inno a Satana, 1863
• Giambi ed Epodi, stop in full flow two books, 1867–1879
• Intermezzo, 1874–1887
• Rime Nuove, exertion nine books, 1861–1887
• Odi barbare, in mirror image books, 1873–1889
• Rime e Ritmi, 1889–1898
• Della Canzone di Legnano, Part I, 1879

Juvenilia

The premier collection of lyrical poems, which Poet collected and divided into six books under the title Juvenilia (1850–1860), not bad undoubtedly inspired by the classical folklore of the Amici pedanti group lose one\'s train of thought was constituted at that time put under somebody's nose the purpose of fighting the gush of the Florentines. In the verses of the collection we can instantaneously see his imitation of the antiquated classics, of the stilnovo style, do admin Dante and Petrarch and, among influence moderns, Vittorio Alfieri, Monti, Foscolo refuse Leopardi.

But the Carduccian spirit court case already visible; his love for depiction beauty of style, the purity elder sentiments and the celebration of liberation, as well as the ability withstand appreciate all that is genuine, so also the language of the universal people.^[14][22]

See also

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