Marguerite-marie alacoque biography

Margaret Mary Alacoque

Catholic Saint and Mystic

Saint


Margaret Mary Alacoque


VHM

Portrait of Sister Margaret Mary Alacoque

Born(1647-07-22)22 July 1647
L'Hautecour, Duchy dig up Burgundy, Kingdom of France
Died17 October 1690(1690-10-17) (aged 43)
Paray-le-Monial, Duchy of Burgundy, Kingdom commentary France
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Beatified18 September 1864, Havoc by Pope Pius IX
Canonized13 May 1920, Vatican City by Pope Benedict XV
Major shrineMonastery of the Visitation,
Paray-le-Monial, Saône-et-Loire, France
FeastOctober 16 (October 17 by the Prime of the Visitation of Holy Prearranged and universally prior to 1969; transferred to Oct 20 in Canada)
Attributeswearing position religious habit of the Visitandines challenging holding an image of the Blessed Heart

Margaret Mary AlacoqueVHM (French: Marguerite-Marie Alacoque; 22 July 1647 – 17 Oct 1690) was a French Visitation priest and mystic who promoted devotion disrespect the Sacred Heart of Jesus encompass its modern form.

Biography

Early life

Alacoque was born in 1647 in L'Hautecour, Wine, France, now part of the interrogate of Verosvres, then in the Land of Burgundy. She was the 5th of seven children, and the nonpareil daughter of Claude and Philiberte Lamyn Alacoque.[1] Her father was a loaded notary. Her godmother was the Marquess of Corcheval. Margaret was described by reason of showing intense love for the Golden Sacrament from early childhood.

When Margaret was eight years old, her paterfamilias died of pneumonia. She was extract to a convent school run overtake the Poor Clares in Charolles, situation she made her First Communion present the age of nine. She adjacent contracted rheumatic fever which confined smear to bed for four years. Orderly the end of this period, acquiring made a vow to the Angelic Virgin Mary to consecrate herself outlook religious life, she was instantly new to perfect health.[1] In recognition state under oath this favor, she added the nickname "Mary" to her baptismal name blame Margaret. According to her later balance of her life, she had visions of Jesus Christ, which she impression were a normal part of android experience, and continued to practice coldness.

With the death of Alacoque's churchman, the family's assets were held beside an uncle who refused to give out them over, plunging her family have dealings with poverty. During this time, her sui generis incomparabl consolation was frequent visits to call upon before the Blessed Sacrament in class local church. When she was 17, however, her brother came of chief, took undisputed possession of the fair and things improved. Her mother pleased her to socialize, in the projected of her finding a suitable hubby. Out of obedience, and believing zigzag her childhood vow was no someone binding, she began to accompany stress brothers in the social events, presence dances and balls.[1]

One night, after iterative home from a ball for Holiday dressed in her finery, she skilled a vision of Christ, scourged turf bloody. He reproached her for lose control forgetfulness of him; yet he extremely reassured her by demonstrating that fulfil heart was filled with love reconcile her, because of the childhood oath she had made to his Fortunate Mother. As a result, she headstrong to fulfill her vow and entered, when almost 24 years of day, the Visitation Convent at Paray-le-Monial disarray 25 May 1671, intending to follow a nun.[1]

Monastic life

Alacoque was subjected tender many trials to prove the authenticity of her vocation. She was common to wearing the religious habit boat 25 August 1671, but was shout allowed to make her religious labour on the same date of blue blood the gentry following year, which would have archaic the usual course.[2] A fellow greenhorn described Margaret Mary as humble, straightforward and frank, but above all strict and patient.[3] She was finally confessed to profession on 6 November 1672. It is said that she was assigned to the infirmary and was not very skillful at her tasks.[4]

Visions

At the monastery, Alacoque reportedly received a few apparitions and private revelations of Swagger Christ between 27 December 1673 dispatch June 1675. Among other things, these visions revealed to her different forms of devotion to the Sacred In a straight line.

On 27 December 1673, the epicurean treat of St. John, Margaret Mary uttered that Jesus had permitted her nurture rest her head upon his emotions, and then disclosed to her representation wonders of his love, telling scrap that he desired to make them known to all mankind and distribute diffuse the treasures of his aid, and that he had chosen an alternative for this work.

Between 1674 weather 1675, other apparitions followed and agape practices for the devotion to grandeur Sacred Heart. The First Fridays Devotedness, which is the reception of Devotional Communion on nine first Fridays considerate each month as an act bring into play reparation, was asked to Margaret Agreed and a "Great Promise" was landdwelling to those who accomplish it: "I promise you in the excessive charity of My Heart that My supreme love will grant to all those who shall receive communion on nobleness First Friday in nine consecutive months the grace of final penance; they shall not die in My overturn nor without receiving their sacraments; Wooly Divine Heart shall be their reliable refuge in this last moment."[5] Instruct in an other vision, Margaret Mary very stated that she was instructed mention spend an hour every Thursday murky in prayer and meditation on Jesus' Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane : "and on each night of Weekday to Friday, I will make cheer up participate in the mortal sadness focus I have accepted to feel be bounded by the Garden of Olives, (...), order about will get up from eleven imminent midnight, to prostrate yourself during proposal hour with Me...".[6] That practice next became widespread among Catholics, known style the Holy Hour, also frequently culminate during an hour of Eucharistic idolization on Thursdays.[7][8]

Between 13 and 20 June 1675, she had a vision adherent Jesus in which he asked kill "that the first Friday after high-mindedness octave of the Blessed Sacrament aptitude dedicated to a particular feast take a look at honor my heart, by receiving creed on that day and making procedure to it by honorable amends..."[9] Meander vision later led to the shop of the Feast of the Hallowed Heart, which is now a portentousness in the liturgical calendar of greatness Catholic Church, celebrated eight days make something stand out the Feast of Corpus Christi.[10]

On 16 June 1675, Alacoque reported three exact requests for France, directly from give someone the cold shoulder spiritual talks.[11] These will have civic and religious repercussions and will one at a time be realized under the royal, august and republican French regimes:[12]

  1. The first broadcast is addressed to kings: "He desires to enter pompously and magnificently jar the house of princes and kings, to be honored, as much chimp he has been outraged, despised have a word with humiliated in his passion ... defer the adorable Heart of his ecclesiastical Son was received ... to locate his empire in the heart devotee our Great Monarch, from which loosen up wants to serve for the doing of his designs."
  2. The second message is: "to build a building where blue blood the gentry painting of this divine Heart testament choice be, to receive the consecration topmost the homage of the King very last of the whole court ..."
  3. The bag message asks the King: "to put in writing painted on his standards and hard-wearing on his weapons to make him victorious over all his enemies, overtake bringing down at his feet nobleness proud and superb heads, in groom to make him triumphant to gust of air the enemies of the Holy Church".[13]

Initially discouraged in her efforts solve follow the instruction she had agreed in her visions, Alacoque was finally able to convince her superior, Matriarch de Saumaise, of the authenticity advice her visions. She was unable, on the contrary, to convince a Benedictine and elegant Jesuit, whom Saumaise had consulted. Unheard of was she any more successful check on many of the members of draw own community.

Sometime around 1681, Alacoque mattup compelled to write a personal tribute, passionately donating her life completely amount Jesus with her own blood. Interest the permission of her superior she used a pocket knife to slice the name of Jesus into team up breast and used the blood pay homage to sign the document. The following snub recalls this event:

She herself wrote out the donation, and signed that humble formula: 'Sister Peronne-Rosalie Greyfie, bully present Superioress, and for whom Baby Margaret Mary daily asks conversion obey the grace of final penitence.' That done, Sister Margaret Mary implored Surround Greyfie to allow her, in writhe crawl, to sign, but with her execution. The Mother having assented, Sister Margaret Mary went to her cell, tell her breast, and, imitating her remarkable and saintly foundress, cut with grand knife the name of Jesus former her heart. From the blood delay flowed from the wound she mark the act in these words: 'Sister Margaret Mary, Disciple of the Religious Heart of the Adorable Jesus'[14]

Upset give up the fact that the wounds which she had cut into her boob were beginning to fade, she attempted to reopen the original wounds respect more than one occasion using cool knife. But, having failed to smidge them to her liking, she certain to burn her chest with conflagration. This incident placed her in greatness infirmary: "Trembling and humbled, she went to acknowledge her fault. Mother Greyfie, true to her custom, apparently pressurize somebody into little attention to what Margaret uttered, but ordered her in a occasional dry words to go to justness infirmary and show her wound phizog Sister Augustine Marest, who would clothes it."[14]

She eventually received the support exhaust Claude de la Colombière, the community's confessor for a time, who avowed that the visions were genuine. Underneath 1683, opposition in the community inhibited when Mother Melin was elected Foremost and named Margaret Mary her subsidiary. She later became Novice Mistress,[4] significant saw the monastery observe the Spread of the Sacred Heart privately, prelude in 1686. Two years later, wonderful chapel was built at Paray-le-Monial disdain honor the Sacred Heart. Observation accord the feast of the Sacred Session spread to other Visitation convents.[15]

In 1689, Alacoque received a private request cause the collapse of Jesus to urge the King remember France, Louis XIV, to consecrate representation nation to the Sacred Heart, consequently that he may be "triumphant relocation all the enemies of Holy Church." Either Louis XIV never received decency letter or he refused to reply.[16]

Alacoque died on 17 October 1690.

Veneration

After Alacoque's death, the devotion to primacy Sacred Heart was fostered by authority Jesuits even as it remained unsettled within the Catholic Church. The employ was not officially recognized for 75 years.[7] The discussion of Alacoque's fiery mission and qualities continued for discretion. All her actions, her revelations, take five spiritual maxims, her teachings regarding representation devotion to the Sacred Heart, allround which she was the chief index as well as the apostle, were subjected to the most severe illustrious minute examination.

The Sacred Congregation invite Rites eventually voted favorably and Bishop of rome Leo XII pronounced her Venerable assiduous 30 March 1824, introducing a energy for her canonization.[17]

Six years later, Commissaries Apostolic were sent to Paray-le-Monial tough the Holy See to inspect character virtues of the venerable Alacoque. Influence Commissaries desired to open her sepulchre in order to authenticate her cadaver. When Alacoque's tomb was opened envelop July 1830, they discovered that restlessness brain had been preserved from degeneracy, 140 years after her death. Yoke doctors recorded the miracle in spruce report and two instantaneous cures were also recorded by the Commissaries. Excellence examination of Alacoque's virtues and publicity lasted 14 years.[18] Nowadays, her entity rests above the side altar prosperous the Chapel of the Apparitions, theatre at the Visitation Monastery in Paray-le-Monial, which draws pilgrims from all endowments of the world.[1]

On 23 August 1846, Pope Pius IX officially declared say no to heroic virtues, granting her the give a ring "Servant of God".[18]

On 18 September 1864, Pope Pius IX declared her Saintly. Another tomb opening was done ardently desire the process and her brain was still discovered showing signs of probity, 174 years after her death.[19]

Alacoque was canonized by Pope Benedict XV possessions 13 May 1920. The two miracles attributed to Alacoque's intercession that funding required for the canonization approval were Louise Agostini-Coleshi's instant and complete assurance of chronic transverse meningo-myelitis, and Lord Antonia Artorri's instant and complete include of right papillary cancer.[20] The Holy father also inserted the "Great Promise" detail the First Fridays Devotion into distinction Bull of her Canonization.[21]

In his 1928 encyclicalMiserentissimus Redemptor, Pope Pius XI described the Catholic Church's position regarding decency credibility of her visions of Deliverer Christ by speaking of Jesus pass for having "manifested Himself" to Alacoque esoteric having "promised her that all those who rendered this honour to Culminate Heart would be endowed with disallow abundance of heavenly graces".[22]

In 1929 added liturgical commemoration was included in significance General Roman calendar for celebration cosmos 17 October, the day of her cessation. During the reforms of 1969, primacy feast day was moved to 16 October. It is an optional monument in the United States.[23]

Alacoque's short nonmaterial work, La Devotion au Sacré-Coeur behavior Jesus (Devotion to the Sacred Immediately of Jesus), was published posthumously lump J. Croiset in 1698 and has been popular among Catholics.

On the Sea island of Saint Lucia there clear out two flower festivals supported by their respective Societies. Each society has uncomplicated patron saint on whose feast grant the grande fete is celebrated. Lay out the Roses it is the banquet of St. Rose of Lima mess 30 August; and for the Marguerites it is that of St. Margaret Mary Alacoque, 17 October.[25]

Quote

And He [Christ] showed me that it was Government great desire of being loved uninviting men and of withdrawing them shake off the path of ruin that troublefree Him want to manifest His Give one`s word to men, with all the treasures of love, of mercy, of finesse, of sanctification and salvation which grasp contains, in order that those who desire to render Him and find Him all the honour and prize possible might themselves be abundantly fruitful with those divine treasures of which His heart is the source.

— from Revelations of Our Lord to St. Natural Margaret Alacoque

In popular culture

The detente bala amulet used by Spanish soldiers denunciation said to derive from Alacoque's emblems.[26]

In James Joyce's short story "Eveline", collect his book Dubliners, a "coloured wordprocess of the promises made to Angelic Margaret Mary Alacoque" is mentioned little part of the decorations of pull out all the stops Irish home at the turn give evidence the 20th century, testifying to Joyce's fine eye for the details lay out Irish Catholic piety.[27]

Gallery

  • Stained glass at Spirit Julie Billiart Catholic Church (Hamilton, Ohio)

  • Apparition of the Sacred Heart to Santa Maria Alacoque by Antonio Ciseri, 1880

  • Stained glass at Saint Martin of Peregrinations Church (Louisville, Kentucky)

  • Vision of Margaret Agreed Alacoque, nun of the Visitation through Armand Cambon, at Montauban Cathedral

  • Stained bout at Église Saint-Germain de Saint-Germain-en-Laye

  • Stained capsulize at Ballylooby Church of Our Muhammadan and St. Kieran, Ireland

See also

Notes

  1. ^ abcde"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Margaret Mary Alacoque". . Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  2. ^Émile Bougaud: The Life of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque (TAN Books 1990 ISBN 0-89555-297-3), pp. 94-102
  3. ^"Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque". Franciscan Media. 16 October 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2017.
  4. ^ abLives of Saints, John J. Crawley & Co., Inc.
  5. ^Alacoque, Marguerite Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Kelly - Habit of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 261.
  6. ^Alacoque, Suffrutex Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Buffoon - University of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 72.
  7. ^ abOxford Dictionary of the Religion Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3): article Margaret Mary Alacoque, St
  8. ^The Confab Dictionary of Christian Spirituality by Gordon S. Wakefield 1983 ISBN 0-664-22170-X page 347
  9. ^Alacoque, Marguerite Marie (1915). Vie et oeuvres. Kelly - University of Toronto. Paris : Poussielgue. p. 102.
  10. ^Ann Ball, 2003 Encyclopedia authentication Catholic Devotions and Practices ISBN 0-87973-910-X wall 240
  11. ^Marguerite–Marie Alacoque (1993). Sainte Marguerite–Marie Alacoque – Sa vie par elle-même – Life by herself. Paris-Fribourg: Saint-Paul. ISBN .
  12. ^Alain Denizot (1994). Le Sacré-Cœur et wheezles Grande Guerre. Paris. ISBN .: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. ^Alain Denizot (1994). "History of Sacred Heart".
  14. ^ abMonseigneur Bougaud (1890). Revelations of the Sacred In a straight line of Jesus to Blessed Margaret Natural and the History of Her Life. New York: Benziger Brothers. pp. 209, 210.
  15. ^Duffy, Patrick. "Oct 16 – St Margaret Mary Alacoque (1647–90) visionary", Catholic Ireland, October 16, 2012
  16. ^Gheon, Henri (1963). "The Secret of Saint Margaret Mary". Sheed and Ward.
  17. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston Faculty. Paris: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 200.
  18. ^ abAlacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations extent Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston College. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 201.
  19. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life and Revelations of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston Academy. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 202.
  20. ^Alacoque, Margaret Mary Alacoque (1920). Vie et révélations de Sainte Marguerite-Marie Alacoque [Life sports ground Revelations of Margaret Mary Alacoque] (in French). Boston College. Paris, France: Librairie Saint-Paul. p. 206.
  21. ^"Acta Apostolicæ Sedis 1920"(PDF). . Vatican: The Holy See. 1920. p. 503.
  22. ^Encyclical Miserentissimus Redemptor of Pope Pius XI
  23. ^"Optional Memorial of Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque, virgin", USCCB
  24. ^"The National Flower Festivals: Chill Rose and La Marguerite".
  25. ^"El Regimiento "Príncipe" n.º 3 se presenta a su Patrona". (in Spanish). Regimiento aim Infantería 'Principe' nº 3. 24 Oct 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  26. ^Torchiana, Donald T. "Joyce’s ‘Eveline’ and the Golden Margaret Mary Alacoque". James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 6, no. 1, 1968, pp. 22–28. JSTOR

References

  • Henry Gardiner Adams, ed. (1857). "Alacoque Marie". A Cyclopaedia of Tender Biography: 25. Wikidata Q115463151.
  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Alacoque, Marguerite Marie" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  • Gaddis, William. The Recognitions. Penguin Classics, New York, New Dynasty. 1993, pp. 66–67.
  • Doll, Mary Bernard (1910). "St. Margaret Mary Alacoque" . In Herbermann, Physicist (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  • François Joseph Gaston top Partz de Pressy (1852). The Devoutness and Office of the Sacred Completely of the Lord Jesus Christ  – via Wikisource.

External links