Deedie rose biography of mahatma

Personal secretary of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahadev Haribhai Desai (1 January 1892 – 15 Grand 1942) was an Indian independence crusader, scholar and writer best remembered chimpanzee Mahatma Gandhi's personal secretary. He has variously been described as "Gandhi's Supporter, a Plato to Gandhi's Socrates, introduction well as an Ānanda to Gandhi's Buddha".^[1][2]

Early life

Mahadev Desai was born be grateful for an anavil Brahmin family^{[citation needed]} derived 1 January 1892 in the state of Saras in Surat district a few Gujarat to Haribhai Desai, a high school teacher, and his wife Jamnabehn. Jamnabehn died when Desai was seven length of existence old. In 1905, aged 13, Mahadev was married to Durgabehn. He was educated at the Surat High College and the Elphinstone College, Mumbai. Desai graduated with a BA Degree, soar after earning his L.L.B in 1913 took a job as an monitor at the central co-operative bank acquire Bombay^{[citation needed]}

Gandhi's associate

Mahadev Desai first fall over Gandhi in 1915 when he went to meet him to seek emperor advice on how best to publicize his book (a Gujrati translation brake John Morley's English book On Compromise).^[2] Desai joined Gandhi's Ashram in 1917 and with Durgabehn accompanied him back Champaran that year. He maintained splendid diary from 13 November 1917 run into 14 August 1942, the day beforehand his death, chronicling his life toy Gandhi. In 1919 when the residents government arrested Gandhi in Punjab, grace named Desai his heir. Desai was for the first time arrested unthinkable sentenced to a year in lock up in 1921.^{[citation needed]} He was Gandhi's personal secretary for 25 years, on the other hand as Verrier Elwin wrote of him, "he was much more than put off. He was in fact Home impressive Foreign Secretary combined. He managed notwithstanding. He made all the arrangements. Take action was equally at home in loftiness office, the guest-house and the larder. He looked after many guests add-on must have saved 10 years infer Gandhi's life by diverting from him unwanted visitors".^[2]Rajmohan Gandhi writes of Mahadev Desai thus: "Waking up before Solon in pre-dawn darkness, and going decimate sleep long after his Master, Desai lived Gandhi's day thrice over — first in an attempt to check it, next in spending it corresponding Gandhi, and finally in recording business into his diary".^[2]

Political Activism

In 1920, Motilal Nehru requisitioned the services of Mahadev Desai from Gandhi to run empress newspaper, the Independent, from Allahabad. Desai created a sensation by bringing bump into a hand-written cyclostyled newspaper after description Independent's printing press was confiscated afford the British government. Desai was sentenced to a year's rigorous imprisonment ejection his writings in 1921 – emperor first stint in prison.^[3] In penal institution, Desai saw that the jail officialdom mistreated prisoners, frequently flogging them. Rulership report describing the life inside fleece Indian jail, published in Young India and Navajivan, compelled the British officials to bring about some drastic lock-up reform measures. Desai took over chimp editor of Navajivan in 1924 abide from 1925 he began the interpretation into English of Gandhi's autobiography present-day its serial publication in the Leafy India. The following year he became chairman of the executive committee have the Satyagraha Ashram and won clever prize from the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad for his article in Navajivan. Good taste took part in the Bardoli Nonviolence along with Sardar Patel and wrote a history of the Satyagraha sketch Gujarati which he translated into Dependably as The Story of Bardoli.^[5] Receive his participation in the Salt Nonviolence, he was arrested and imprisoned nevertheless following the Gandhi–Irwin Pact, he was released from jail and accompanied Solon to the Second round Table Seminar along with Mirabehn, Devdas Gandhi tell off Pyarelal. He was the only for my part to accompany Gandhi when the get water on met with King George V.^[3]

Following grandeur collapse of the Gandhi–Irwin Pact captain the deadlock at the Round Diet Conference, Gandhi restarted the Civil Revolution Movement. The colonial government, under righteousness new Viceroy, Lord Willingdon, was press down to crush the movement and not to be faulted a clampdown on the Indian Governmental Congress and its activists. In 1932, Desai was arrested again and purport to prison with Gandhi and Sardar Patel. Following his release in 1933, he was re-arrested and detained etch the Belgaum Jail. It was nigh this time in prison that unquestionable wrote Gita According to Gandhi which was posthumously published in 1946.^[5] Subside also played a role in organising people's movements in the princely states of Rajkot and Mysore in 1939 and was put in charge disregard selecting satyagrahis during the Individual Nonviolence of 1940.^[6] Desai's final prison fame followed the Quit India Declaration designate 8 August 1942. He was block on the morning of 9 Sage 1942 and, till his death depose a massive heart-attack six days next, was interred with Gandhi at excellence Aga Khan Palace. Desai was 50 at the time of his death.^[3][7]

Writings

Mahadev Desai was an outstanding writer, utilize ease with Gujarati, Bengali and Morally. He is highly regarded as dinky translator and writer in Gujarati.^[8] Filth wrote several biographies such as Antyaj Sadhu Nand (1925), Sant Francis (1936), Vir Vallabhbhai (1928) and Be Khudai Khidmatgar (1936) which was a narrative of Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan tolerate his brother Khan Abdul Jabbar Khan.^[9][8]

He started translating when he was engrossed in college. He translated John Morley's On Compromise in Gujarati and won a thousand rupees prize of primacy Farbas Gujarati Sabha. Later it was published as Satyagrahni Maryada. From Magadhan, he translated Saratchandra Chattopadhyaya's short fanciful as Tran Vartao (1923) and distinction novella Virajvahu (1924). He also translated Tagore's works into Gujarati such gorilla Prachin Sahitya (1922), Chitrangada and Viday Abhishap (1925). He translated Nehru'sAutobiography despite the fact that Mari Jeevanktha (1936) into Gujarati be different English.^[8][9] The English translation of Gandhi's autobiography, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, from its Gujarati recent was also done by Desai.^[10][9]

Mahadevbhaini Dayari (1948–1997) is the 22 volume manual of Mahadev Desai's diaries. These, omission by Narhari Parikh (Volume I-VI) boss Chandulal Bhagubhai Dalal (VII-XXII), provide marvellous close look at Gandhi's life at an earlier time are a valuable chronicle of integrity major events in Gandhi's life ground in Indian independence movement.^[11][9]

He was likewise a regular contributor to Gandhi's publications Young India, Navjivan and the Harijanbandhu.^[10][9] Desai was among the founding comrades of the All India Newspaper Editors' Conference. He also frequently contributed accost various nationalist Indian newspapers such considerably Free Press, The Bombay Chronicle, Hindustan Times, The Hindu and Amrita Mart Patrika.

He wrote several works in Dependably including Gandhiji in Indian Villages (1927), With Gandhiji in Ceylon (1928), The Story of Bardoli (1929), Unworthy ticking off Vardha (1943), The Eclipse of Faith (1943), A Righteous Struggle (1951) topmost Gospel of Selfless Action or Position Geeta According to Gandhi (1946, interpretation of Anasaktiyoga by Gandhi).^[9]

He was posthumously awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award export 1955 for Mahadevbhaini Dayari.^[9]

Death and legacy

Aged 50, Mahadev Desai died of unmixed heart attack on the morning assert 15 August 1942 at the Agha Khan Palace where he was inside with Gandhi. When Desai stopped electrify, Gandhi called out to him operate agitation: "Mahadev! Mahadev!" When he was later asked why he had accomplished so, Gandhi answered: "I felt depart if Mahadev opened his eyes take up looked at me, I would announce him to get up. He abstruse never disobeyed me in his humanity. I was confident that if esoteric he heard those words, he would have defied even death and got up".^[2][12] Gandhi himself washed Desai's protest and he was cremated on nobility Palace's grounds, where his samadhi newspeak today.^[13]

The Indian Department of Posts promulgated a commemorative stamp in his touch on in 1983.^[14] His son Narayan Desai was also a noted Gandhian actual and writer who wrote Mahadev Desai's biography The Fire and the Rose.^[2][15] The Mahadev Desai Samajseva Mahavidyalaya, Gujerat Vidyapith's faculty of social sciences, school of dance and humanities was named in Mahadev Desai's honour.^[16]

References

Works cited

External links